Alcohol Outlets and Baltimore City
while only 13.1 percent have a grocery store within the same distance.1
IN 2015, 47% OF THE HOMICIDES IN BALTIMORE WERE PERPETRATED BY SOMEONE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL.
Baltimore children who live in close proximity to alcohol outlets are at increased risk of seeing people selling drugs.1
alcohol outlet: a place where alcohol may be legally sold for the buyer to drink there (on-premises outlets, such as bars or restaurants) or elsewhere (off-premises outlets, such as liquor stores). Density: refers to the number of alcohol outlets in a given area.
State preemption is the legal doctrine that determines the level of local control over decisions affecting alcohol outlet density in a given state.
References:
- Milam, A.J., Furr Holden, C.D.M., Cooley Strickland, M.C., Bradshaw, C.P., Leaf, P.J. Risk for Exposure to Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs on the Route to and from School: The Role of Alcohol Outlet. Prev Sci. Feb 2013;(1):12-21.
- Chen MJ, Gruenewald PJ, Remer LG. Does alcohol outlet density affect youth access to alcohol? Journal of Adolescent Health. 2009;44(6):582-589.
- Jennings JM, Milam AJ, Greiner A, Furr-Holden CD, Curriero FC, Thornton RJ. Neighborhood alcohol outlets and the association with violent crime in one mid-Atlantic City: the implications for zoning policy. Journal of Urban Health. 2014;91(1):62-71.
- Scribner RA, MacKinnon DP, Dwyer JH. Risk of assaultive violence and alcohol availability in Los Angeles County. American Journal of Public Health. 1995;85(3):335-340.
- Roncek D, Maier P. Bars, blocks, and crimes revisited: Linking the theory of routine activities to the empiricism of “hot spots”. 1991;29(4):725-753.
- Speer PW, Gorman DM, Labouvie EW, Ontkush MJ. Violent crime and alcohol availability: relationships in an urban community. Journal of Public Health Policy. 1998;19(3):303-318.
- Kearns, M. C., Reidy, D. E., & Valle, L. A. (2015). The Role of Alcohol Policies in Preventing Intimate Partner Violence: A Review of the Literature. The Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 76(1):21-30.
- Parker R. N.,Williams K. R.,McCaffree K. J., Acensio, E. K., Browne, A., Strom, K. J., and Barrick, K. (2011). Alcohol Availability and Youth Homicide in the 91 Largest US Cities, 1984-2006. Drug and Alcohol Review, 30(5):505-14.
- Grubesic, T. H.& Pridemore, W. A. (2011). Alcohol Outlets and Clusters of Violence. International Journal of Health Geographics, 10:30. Accessed November 7, 2015 at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3098133/pdf/1476-072X-10-30.pdf
- Grubesic, T. H.,Pridemore, W. A.,Williams, D. A., & Philip-Tabb, L. (2013). Alcohol Outlet Density and Violence: The Role of Risky Retailers and Alcohol-Related Expenditures. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 48(5):613-619.
- White, G. F., Gainey, R. R., & Triplett, R. A. (2015). Alcohol Outlets and Neighborhood Crime: A Longitudinal Analysis. Crime & Delinquency, 61(6):851-872.
- Snowden, A. J. & Pridemore, W. A. (2013). Alcohol and Violence in a Nonmetropolitan College Town: Alcohol Outlet Density, Outlet Type, and Assault. Journal of Drug Issues,43(3):357-373.
- Giesbrecht, N.,Huguet, N.,Ogden, L., Kaplan, M. S., McFarland, B. H., Caetano, R., Conner, K. R., & Nolte, K. B. (2015). Acute Alcohol Use among Suicide Decedents in 14 US States: Impacts of Off-premise and On-premise Alcohol Outlet Density. Addiction, 110(2):300-307.
- Gruenewald PJ. Regulating availability: How access to alcohol affects drinking and problems in youth and adults. Alcohol Health and Research World. 2011;34(2):248-256.
- Wilkinson, C. and M. Livingston, Distances to on- and off-premise alcohol outlets and experiences of alcohol-related amenity problems.Drug Alcohol Rev, 2012. 31(4): p. 394-401.